1	Developing Godly Leadership Jim Sutherland, Ph.D. www.RMNI.org
2	What is Leadership? Leadership is the ministry of leading others to complete the work that God has given you together to do. Even Jesus did nothing on His own. He said, “I always do what pleases Him [the Father]” (John 8:28-29). Seeking to be a leader is a “noble task” (1 Tim. 3:1). Leadership is “taking responsibility for others” (Oswald Sanders).
3	Goal Development God sometimes lays a matter on our heart Nehemiah 2:12 Or an idea turns gradually into a conviction (J.I. Packer). We have sufficient faith to pursue the goal (Rom. 14:23) God confirms His direction by His financial provision. Isaiah 66:9
4	Example of Common Goals
5	Servant-Leadership Christ showed us servant-shepherd leadership. He is the Suffering Servant of Isaiah 53:11 Jesus came not to be served, but to serve (Mark 10:45) He washed the disciples’ feet as our example (John 13:3-17) of servanthood. He showed that the way UP is DOWN (Phil. 2:2-11). He sacrificed Himself for the Church (Eph. 5:25), His sheep (John 10:11-15).
6	Servant-shepherd The more people you serve, the greater you are (Matt. 20:25-28). The tribal chief would supply the needs of the village. The “Big Man” is the one who “eats”—who profits at others’ expense. The pastor is not to be the little “general” or a little dictator, building his own kingdom. The pastor’s concern should be the Kingdom of God, everywhere.
7	Servant-shepherd Peter tells elders: “clothe yourselves with humility toward one another.” (1 Pet. 5:1-5, NIV) The Pastor is figuratively a Shepherd—an under-shepherd.
8	Servant-Shepherds
9	Shepherds: Watch over the flock (Acts 20:28). Feed the sheep (John 21:15-17). The Word of God cleanses the sheep (Eph. 5:25-26). Solid biblical teaching is greatly needed in the African-American church. Since 2000, Blacks are 10% less likely to read the Bible and 6% fewer share their faith with unbelievers¹. They are 4% less likely to attend Sunday School since 1996¹ ¹George Barna, “America’s Faith Is Changing—But Beneath the Surface” 3/18/03
10	Biblical Teaching Needed Belief in God as all-powerful and all-knowing Creator who rules today is down 9% since 1996. 11% fewer Blacks since 1997 strongly believe that Jesus was sinless¹. 9% fewer believe that Satan is real and not symbolic¹. The Word teaches, rebukes, corrects and “trains in righteousness” (2 Tim. 3:16). Paul told Timothy to “Preach the Word” and “sound doctrine” to his people (2 Tim. 4:2; Titus 2:1). These problems stem in part from inadequate evangelism of those outside church walls and in part from lack of wide doctrinal teaching. ¹ Barna: “American’s Faith is Changing” 3/18/03
11	Crucial Beliefs of American Adults 85% of women and 72% of men believe in the Trinity (Barna, “Americans Draw Theological Beliefs From Diverse Points of View,” 10/8/02) 42% believe that Jesus committed sins (49% of those under 38, 51% of nominal Christians, and 62% of atheists and agnostics) [Barna, 10/8/02]. What implication does this have for the atonement? 50% believe that anyone who “is generally good or does enough good things for others during their life will earn a place in Heaven (40% of Protestants believe this). [Barna, 10/8/02]
12	Sources of Truth 44% of American adults believe that “the Bible, the Koran and the Book of Mormon are all different expressions of the same spiritual truths.” (Barna, 10/8/02) 54% believe “truth can be discovered only through logic, human reasoning and personal experience.” (Barna, 10/8/02)
13	Who Are Potential Leaders? Faithful men and women NIV Matthew 25:21 "His master replied, 'Well done, good and faithful servant! You have been faithful with a few things; I will put you in charge of many things. Come and share your master's happiness!'“ See Heb. 3:2 Can you trust him/her to complete a delegated small task? NIV 1 Timothy 1:12 I thank Christ Jesus our Lord, who has given me strength, that he considered me faithful, appointing me to his service.
14	"Is the person already a..." Is the person already a leader? Are people following this person, even in small ways?
15	A Church Leader’s Character Jesus was sinless (1 Pet. 2:22). Those who follow Him are to be “perfect” (Matt. 5:48). We aren’t sinless (1 John 1:10), but we must try to live godly. Combining the lists in 1 Tim. 3:1-7 and Titus 1:6-9, twenty-six qualities are listed for the elder/presbyter. Eight of them are the absence of a negative quality and five concern his family.
16	Blameless Being blameless is the primary quality of the pastor/teacher (1 Tim. 3:2; Titus 1:6). Blameless means not liable to the charge of wrongdoing—a legal term meaning “free of guilt.” You cannot rightly accuse him of wrongdoing.
17	Character The primary qualification isn’t if he can preach (God seems more interested in teaching), nor if he has sound doctrine, although very important (Titus 1:9). Even secular studies show that “the personal qualities of a would-be leader determine his or her esteem in the eyes of potential followers.” Bernard Bass, Stogdill’s Handbook of Leadership, p. 8, 15
18	25 Other Qualities “Husband of one wife” (NIV)--this does not say “who was married only once,” but does mean complete faithfulness to the wife (Hendriksen). Remarriage is not sinful upon the death of a spouse or when a wife commits adultery. This also means that the pastor is not a woman (cf. 1 Tim. 2:12-14).
19	"“temperate”—sober and..." “temperate”—sober and “not given to excess” (Hendriksen) “sensible”—of “sound mind,” “reasonable,” “prudent “respectable”— “inner moral excellence and outward orderly behavior (Hendirksen) “hospitable”– a lover of strangers; Hospitality was much more necessary in biblical times (Hendriksen). Diotrephes was the opposite (3 John 10).
20	"“able to teach”—..." “able to teach”— skillful in teaching, and derives from the word meaning “sound doctrine” “not given to drunkenness” “not violent, but gentle”– not someone who is quick to use his fists “gentle”– yielding rights or “genial”– meek in the face of insults “not quarrelsome” – “peaceful” and “averse to fighting” (Hendriksen) “not a lover of money” – literally not a lover of silver. False teachers are “experts in greed” (2 Peter 2:14).
21	Family Qualifications “must manage his own family well” – managing has the idea of standing before troops or presiding over a family “see that his children obey him with proper respect”– obey with “gravity” or dignity Children tend to naturally respect the father. If they don’t, how can the father/pastor have the respect of the church?
22	Family Qualifications “whose children believe” He needs to create an environment that demonstrates the love of God. Whose children “are not open to the charge of being wild and disobedient” – “Wild” means literally to act unsaved--engaged in “riotous living.” “Disobedient” describes someone who “won’t take instructions.”
23	"“not a recent convert..." “not a recent convert”—even if he has all the above qualities, this overrules them (Hendriksen). Literally, he must not be a neophyte, or “newly planted.” He may be overcome by arrogance. “good reputation with outsiders”—literally, “to have a good witness.” What is the word on the street about him? Unbelievers have a say in church leadership. Do we actually investigate for this criteria?
24	"“not overbearing”—literally..." “not overbearing”—literally not someone who is “self-pleasing” He is not self-centered, using the church for self. “not quick-tempered”—not “inclined to anger” “one who loves what is good” “upright”— “righteous” or “just” “holy”– “devout” or “religiously right” (Vine)
25	"“holding firmly to the..." “holding firmly to the trustworthy message as it has been taught, so that he can encourage others by sound doctrine and refute those who oppose it”
26	Character Formation The “means of grace” are the Word of God, the fellowship of believers, the sacraments and prayer (Acts 2:42). Most important is the inner work of the Holy Spirit, who makes us like Christ (2 Cor. 3:18). Paul’s advice for Timothy’s growth as pastor was the public reading of Scripture, preaching and teaching (1 Tim. 4:13). The Word purifies. The Apostles priorities were “prayer and the ministry of the word” (Acts 6:4). Obviously, unless a man is saved, he won’t have the required spiritual and character qualifications. Yet sometimes church leaders aren’t saved. They must be regenerate, or removed.
27	Christ is our Adequacy Christ is our sufficiency and our adequacy in ministry (2 Cor. 3:5-6), as well as our standard (Eph. 4:13). He gives the supernatural gift of pastor/teacher (1 Cor. 12:28), and the gift of leadership (Rom. 12:8), although not necessarily the gift of godliness/character. God predestines to sanctification all those He foreknew (Rom. 8:29)—those saved.
28	Leadership Equations Character ≠ Church leadership Gifting ≠ Church leadership Natural ability (education, business skills, personality, etc.) ≠ Church leadership Character + gifting= Church leadership The spiritual and moral tone for the entire church tend to be ≤ that of the senior pastor He is the example or the excuse (Matt. 10:25). Administration ≠ Leadership
29	Administration Various Hebrew and Greek words for leadership concern being the “one out in front” (“nageeth”-BDB, p. 617), to “lead” and “guide” (“nachath”) and “carry into” (“eisphero”). Other words denote ruling (“prostemi”, “mashal”). The word for manage (“hodaygayo”) is a seafaring word denoting steering a ship so as to stay on course. The leader sets the course and the administrator makes sure followers keep on course. Jesus spent much time in solitary prayer (Lk. 9:18; Mk. 1:35, cf. Matt. 14:23)—partly for guidance, as in selection of the 12. We need minds indexed to God for guidance (Rom. 12:1-2).
30	Church Polity A watershed issue is the form of church governance. If your church has elders (ruling and teaching) and deacons (Acts 6:2-3), roles are more clearly defined. Otherwise there may be confusion as to what responsibilities deacons have, in contrast to trustees, for example.
31	Elders and Deacons More than one elder per church is indicated at Titus 1:5, where elders (plural) were commanded to be appointed in all the cities of Crete. Normally there was 1 church per city at that time. Having several ruling elders together with the elder-pastor (and deacons) provides to the pastor counselors and a buffer between the congregation and the pastor. Your decisions are joint decisions. The pastor also has built-in accountability. It provides for smooth church functioning in the pastor’s absence.
32	Bishops “Elder” and “bishop” are used synonymously in Titus 1:6 (presbyter and bishop). Bishop is translated “overseer” in the NIV. Traditionally, bishops became the overseers of the Christians in a particular city—the bishop of Rome, Antioch, Alexandria, Ephesus, etc. In the US, it has become a prized and sometimes proud title for pastors.
33	Deacons Deacons have the oversight of mercy ministry, originating from Acts 6:1-6. They help widows Keep the church property maintained Help church members with physical needs Distribute funds to the needy The qualifications of deacons are listed at 1 Tim. 3:8-13.
34	The School of Christ “Amazing as it may seem, all Jesus did to teach these men [the apostles] His way was to draw them close to Himself. He was His own school and curriculum.” Robert Coleman, The Master Plan of Evangelism, p. 38 A leader gets his people involved, carrying them into action. Jesus demonstrated before He delegated (READ Luke 8:1-2; 9:1-6). The mentor can’t take followers beyond himself.
35	Christ’s School “He appointed twelve—designating them apostles—that they might be with him and that he might send them out to preach and to have authority to drive out demons.” Mark 3:14-15. Lk. 8:1 After this, Jesus traveled about from one town and village to another, proclaiming the good news of the kingdom of God. The Twelve were with him…” He mentored the 12. After their internship, “he gave them power and authority to drive out all demons and to cure diseases, and he sent them out to preach the kingdom of God and to heal the sick.” Luke 9:2 It’s wise to delegate (Ex. 18:21; 1 Chron. 13:1).
36	Christ’s School Christ gave them “power and authority.” Power is the ability to do something, and authority is the right to use that ability. He didn’t regard them as threats, or as people to keep busy, but as arrows in the hand of God. He sent them out! Christ also gave them a very specific job, including how to do that job (Luke 9:3-5). Then the apostles reported back to Jesus (Luke 9:10).
37	Christ’s School Christ didn’t appoint people to stay with Him. He brought them alongside to serve with Him, then He sent them out. These were not associate pastors selected to simply sit on the platform and orbit the pastor. They were not sent to temples (other churches) or told to show up whenever the temple opened. Their job was not to stay, but to go fight spiritual warfare on the fringes of Christianity.
38	Christ’s School Give them freedom to serve outside the local church. Have a Kingdom, perspective, rather than local church, perspective. Send them to evangelize with church members. Send them on short-term mission trips in the US and abroad. Our purpose is not koinonia, but works of service. The quickest way to spiritual maturity is to put disciples into situations where they must trust God for success.
39	Christ’s School Where did He send them? First to Israel, but then to Samaria (to Jewish syncretists) and to the uttermost parts of the earth (Acts 1:8). The mission did not begin and end with the Jews. He made this clear in Matt. 28:18-20, where He told them to “go and make disciples of all nations.” Some try to make even these passages say that we should stay in Jerusalem. Does the mission of your church and its leaders begin and end with your own people? Or does she go into all the world?
40	Christ’s School In summary, there are four parts to delegation: 1. Giving power 2. Giving authority (Lk. 9:1) 3. Giving a specific task (Lk. 9:2-6) 4. Accountability for the outcome (Lk. 9:10).
41	Female Church Leadership Elders (or bishops) are to be the “husband of but one wife” (1 Tim. 3:2; Tit. 1:5-6), limiting the gender. At 1 Tim. 2:12-14, women are not “to teach or to have authority over a man.” This harkens back to the first humans, where Eve was deceived, rather than Adam. Women elders or pastors cannot help but to violate 1 Tim. 2:12-14.
42	Female Church Leadership The head of the man is Christ, and “the head of the woman is man” (1 Cor. 11:3). This is God’s chain of authority. The role of women is to teach to women and children (Titus 2:4), which is probably over 70% of the world’s population. The NT speaks of prophetesses (Acts. 21:9: Luke 2:36). The prophecy received was the authority and these were not pastors.
43	Female Leaders 1 Tim. 3:11 can be translated either “wives” or “deaconesses.” Since it is introduced as it is at 3:8 (deacons), deaconesses are suggested. At Romans 16:1 Phoebe is called a “deacon,” the same word used for deacon at 1Tim. 3:8. (Thomas Schreiner, “The Valuable Ministries of Women in the Context of Male Leadership: A Survey of Old and New Testament Examples and Teaching,” ch. 11, Piper and Grudem.) African women are crying out for opportunities to serve in the church. They can serve in teaching, mercy, evangelistic and micro-economic development ministries.
44	Opposition Jesus’ worst enemies were the most religious (Matt. 12). They crucified Him. With spiritual progress, don’t be surprised at spiritual attack (Acts. 13:42-51; 14:1-7). Moses fell on his face before God when opposed (Num. 14:5; 16:4). Nehemiah prayed (Neh. 4:9,15). They took the matter back to the One who gave them their commission.
45	Opposition When it becomes God’s problem, then we can afford to be more gentle, giving God more operating room (2 Tim. 2:24-26). However, we must be transparent in ministry with use of time and money. To that end welcome scrutiny of your ministry (2 Cor. 8:20-21). We are accountable to people, as well as to God. Criticism can be a growth point (Prov. 9:8).
46	Opposition NIV 1 Peter 4:19 So then, those who suffer according to God's will should commit themselves to their faithful Creator and continue to do good.
47	Leadership Traps Arrogance, sexual sin and greed are three characteristics of false teachers (2 Pet. 2:10-16). Beware the desire to exalt the pastor, beyond honoring him, and the desire to be honored. Pastors’ ministry anniversaries are potential stumbling blocks for the pastor. We seem to have an epidemic of “bishoprics.” Sex sins of leaders are well-known on the street.
48	Leadership Traps Being a people driver, rather than servant leader, is inconsistent with Christ’s model. I’ve seen church members worn out from the Pastor’s expectations at fund raising events and seemingly unreasonable expectations for church attendance. Church leaders are to work for the joy of their people, not push them into exhaustion (John 15:11; Phil. 1:25; 1 Jn. 1:4; 2 Jn. 12). Some of the shepherds of Israel were unconcerned for their people, and in reality were sheep butchers (Micah 3:1-3), exploiting the people.
49	Leadership Traps Discouragement Many of Jesus’ followers departed after His “hard sayings” (John 6:66-67). Jesus wept for stubborn Jerusalem. Sometimes discouragement comes when exhausted, so wise leaders get away, with their followers, to a place of rest (Mark 6:31-32). God will never leave or forsake us (Heb. 13:5). Seek first His Kingdom and all our needs will be met (Matt. 6:33).
50	Honor Your Leaders 1Tim. 5:17 “The elders who direct the affairs of the church well are worthy of double honor, especially those whose work is preaching and teaching.” Heb. 13:17 “Obey your leaders and submit to their authority. They keep watch over you as men who must give an account. Obey them so that their work will be a joy, not a burden, for that would be of no advantage to you.”
51	Pray for Your Leaders Both the leaders and the congregation are to find joy in the church. None are abused. Eph. 6:19-20 “Pray also for me, that whenever I open my mouth, words may be given me so that I will fearlessly make known the mystery of the gospel, for which I am an ambassador in chains. Pray that I may declare it fearlessly, as I should.” Col. 4:3-4 “And pray for us, too, that God may open a door for our message, so that we may proclaim the mystery of Christ, for which I am in chains. Pray that I may proclaim it clearly, as I should.”
52	Pray for Your Leaders 2 Thess. 3:2 “And pray that we may be delivered from wicked and evil men, for not everyone has faith.”
53	Closing Charge The apostle Paul told Timothy: 1 Timothy 4:12-13 12 Don't let anyone look down on you because you are young, but set an example for the believers in speech, in life, in love, in faith and in purity. 13 Until I come, devote yourself to the public reading of Scripture, to preaching and to teaching. 1 Timothy 4:14-16 14 Do not neglect your gift, which was given you through a prophetic message when the body of elders laid their hands on you. 15 Be diligent in these matters; give yourself wholly to them, so that everyone may see your progress. 16 Watch your life and doctrine closely. Persevere in them, because if you do, you will save both yourself and your hearers.